Positions I, II, and III identify the chamber paced, chamber sensed, and mode of
response to conventional (P- and/or R-wave) sensing, respectively. The fourth position
indicates rate modulation (adaptive-rate pacing).
see http://www.machine-history.com/Cardiac%20Pacemaker
PM-65 by Paul Zoll allowed the patient to ambulate (1955) [Reproduced with permission of The Bakken Library and Museum of electricity in Life, MN, USA]
“We would put terrible, frightful electrodes on. They would stimulate all of the chest muscles and were kind of painful. But people who would otherwise have died were brought along. That was kind of miraculous.”
see http://www.machine-history.com/Cardiac%20Pacemaker
A demonstrates 2 active fixation pacemaker leads, one with the screw deployed (left). Panel B demonstrates 3 pacemaker leads with tines on the end, so-called passive fixation leads that are designed to catch onto muscular trabeculations in the heart.
see http://www.machine-history.com/Cardiac%20Pacemaker
An artificial pacemaker (PM) is an electronic device implanted in the body to regulate the heart beat. It consists of a battery and electronic circuits enclosed in a hermetically sealed can. A PM treats abnormal heart rhythms called Cardiac dysrhythmia or arrhythmias, specifically slow arrhythmias called bradycardia. The PM delivers electrical stimuli over leads with electrodes in contact with the heart.